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Poodle: Breed Profile, Characteristics, and Care Guide

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| Updated: August 18, 2023
black and white photo of a poodle from a low angle, beautiful sky

Poodles are one of the world’s most popular and versatile dog breeds. They are known for their elegant appearance, curly coat, and high intelligence. But did you know that Poodles were originally bred as hunting dogs in Germany? Or that they have a rich history as circus performers, duck dogs, and dog show champions? This article will explore the Poodle breed’s fascinating origins, characteristics, health issues, and much more.

The History of the Poodle

The Poodle is believed to have originated in Germany, where it was called Pudelhund, meaning “splash dog.” This name reflects the Poodle’s excellent swimming ability and its original function as a water retriever. Poodles were used to fetch ducks and other waterfowl from cold water, thanks to their curly coat that provided insulation and protection.

In the 17th century, Poodles became popular in France, where they were known as Caniche, meaning “duck dog.” The French aristocracy adopted the Poodle as a companion and a status symbol and began to breed them in different sizes and colors. They also developed elaborate grooming styles that are still associated with the breed today. The Poodle became the national dog of France and was nicknamed the French Poodle.

Poodles also gained fame as circus performers thanks to their intelligence, agility, and trainability. They were taught to perform various tricks and stunts, such as walking on two legs, jumping through hoops, and riding horses. Some Poodles even became celebrities, such as Munito, who performed for Queen Victoria in 1844.

Poodles also excelled in dog shows, where they competed in various categories based on their size and coat type. The first dog show to include Poodles was held in England in 1860. The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the Poodle as a breed in 1887. Today, the Poodle is one of the most popular breeds in the world, ranking 7th in the AKC breed popularity ranking.

black and brown poodles playing together
Pexels

Myths and Stories About the Poodle

Poodles are awesome dogs with a rich history and a variety of characteristics. Just to add to their awe factor, if that’s possible, they have also been involved in many myths and stories that reflect their unique qualities and roles in different cultures and times.

Myth #1: Poodles Are Prissy Dogs

You’ve probably heard someone say the Poodles are girly or prissy dogs, or some variation of the same, almost exclusively because of their standard haircut. But those people couldn’t be more wrong; Poodles are actually athletic, versatile, and hardworking dogs. Their stylish haircuts are not meant for fashion but for function. They were designed to protect the joints and vital organs of the dog while swimming and hunting. The puffs of hair over the chest, head, ears, and tail also helped prevent frostbite in cold water. Poodles are also highly intelligent and trainable and can perform various tasks and jobs, such as service dogs, therapy dogs, guide dogs, military dogs, drug detection dogs, and circus performers. While not necessarily a myth per se, This breed is built to work circles around many other dog breeds.

Myth #2: Poodles Are Related to Lions

This is a myth that dates back to ancient times when Poodles were believed to be descendants of lions. According to the Greek writer Aelian, there was a legend that a lioness mated with a dog and gave birth to a hybrid creature that resembled both parents. This creature was called a Leoniscus or a Cynocephalus (dog-headed). The Leoniscus had the body of a dog and the mane of a lion. It was said to be loyal, brave, and fierce. Some people think that the Poodle’s traditional haircut was inspired by this myth, because it resembles a lion’s mane and tail. Not that the story wouldn’t be incredible if true, but I’m going to go out on a limb and say there is no lion DNA in Poodles.

Myth #3: Poodles Are Magical Dogs

This is a story that comes from Celtic folklore, where Poodles were associated with fairies and other supernatural beings. According to the legend, a fairy dog called a pooka or a “pwca” could shape-shift into different animals, including a Poodle. The pooka was a trickster that liked to play pranks on humans, such as leading them astray or stealing their crops. However, the pooka could also be helpful and friendly if treated well. Some people believe that Poodles inherited some of the pooka’s magical abilities and personality traits.

The Characteristics of the Poodle

Size

Poodles come in three size varieties: standard, miniature, and toy. The standard Poodle is the largest and oldest of the three, measuring over 15 inches at the shoulder and weighing between 40 and 70 pounds. The miniature Poodle is smaller than the standard, measuring between 10 and 15 inches at the shoulder and weighing between 10 and 15 pounds. The toy Poodle is the smallest of the three, measuring under 10 inches at the shoulder and weighing between 5 and 10 pounds.

Coat

All Poodles have a curly coat that can be clipped in various styles. The most common style is the “puppy clip,” where the coat is trimmed short all over except for the face, ears, tail, and feet. Other styles include the “continental clip,” where the rear half of the body is shaved except for pom-poms on the ankles and hips; the “English saddle clip,” where the rear half of the body is shaved except for pom-poms on the ankles and a curved area on each flank; and the “lion clip,” where most of the body is shaved except for a mane around the head and neck.

Intelligence

Poodles are known for their intelligence, ranking second only to the Border Collie in canine IQ tests. They are easy to train and can learn a wide range of commands and tricks. They are also very loyal, affectionate, and playful with their owners. They enjoy being part of the family and participating in various activities.

Personality

Poodles are active dogs that need regular exercise to keep them healthy and happy. They love to run, swim, play fetch, and do agility courses. They also need mental stimulation to prevent boredom and behavioral problems. They can benefit from puzzle toys, games, and training sessions.

Grooming

Poodles are a good choice for people with allergies or asthma, as they shed very little and have a hypoallergenic coat. However, they do require regular grooming to keep their coat clean and mat-free. They need to be brushed daily and clipped every four to six weeks by a professional groomer or a skilled owner. They also need to have their ears cleaned regularly to prevent infections and their teeth brushed daily to prevent dental problems.

Poodle splashing through water
Pixabay

Coat Colors of the Poodle

Poodles are remarkable dogs that can come in a wide range of coat colors and patterns. According to the American Kennel Club (AKC), there are 10 standard Poodle coat colors and 18 non-standard ones.

Standard Colors

  • Apricot: A dull orange color with medium saturation.
  • Black: A jet-black color with few to no white guard hairs.
  • Blue: A dark gray color that may appear black at first glance.
  • Brown: A rich chocolate color that may vary from light to dark.
  • Cream: A pale yellow color that may have apricot or silver shading.
  • Gray: A light to medium gray color that can have blue or silver shading.
  • Red: A bright orange-red color that may fade over time.
  • Silver: A light gray color that may have blue or cream shading.
  • Silver Beige: A beige color with silver shading that is only seen in brown Poodles.
  • White: A pure white color that may have cream or silver shading.

Non-standard Colors

  • Black and Apricot: A combination of black and apricot patches on the coat.
  • Black and Brown: A combination of black and brown patches on the coat.
  • Black and Cream: A combination of black and cream patches on the coat.
  • Black and Gray: A combination of black and gray patches on the coat.
  • Black and Red: A combination of black and red patches on the coat.
  • Black and Silver: A combination of black and silver patches on the coat.
  • Black and Tan: A combination of black and tan patches on the coat, similar to a Doberman or a Rottweiler.
  • Black and White: A combination of black and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.
  • Blue and White: A combination of blue and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.
  • Brown and Apricot: A combination of brown and apricot patches on the coat.
  • Brown and White: A combination of brown and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.
  • Cafe au Lait: A light brown color that resembles coffee with milk. This color is only seen in brown Poodles and may lighten over time.
  • Cream and White: A combination of cream and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.
  • Gray and White: A combination of gray and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.
  • Red and Apricot: A combination of red and apricot patches on the coat.
  • Red and White: A combination of red and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.
  • Sable: A color that has black-tipped hairs on a lighter base color, such as cream, red, or silver. This color may fade or change over time.
  • Silver and White: A combination of silver and white patches on the coat, also known as a parti-color Poodle.

Poodle coat colors are determined by genetics, and each puppy inherits one color gene from each parent. Some colors dominate others, while some are recessive or diluted. Some colors may also change over time due to aging, hormonal changes, or environmental factors. This process is called clearing, which means the Poodle color becomes lighter over time. For example, all gray Poodles are born black but become lighter over time until they reach their true color by age four.

Poodle coat colors are not only beautiful but also have some advantages and disadvantages. Some colors are hypoallergenic, meaning they shed very little and are suitable for people who suffer from allergies or asthma. These colors include black, white, blue, gray, silver, cream, apricot, red, silver beige, cafe au lait, sable, and all parti colors.

Some colors can be prone to health issues or defects

  • Brown/chocolate: This color is associated with a higher risk of skin problems, such as sebaceous adenitis (a condition that causes inflammation or destruction of the sebaceous glands) or alopecia (hair loss). Brown Poodles may also have eye problems, such as cataracts or progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), which can lead to blindness.
  • Merle: This is a pattern that causes patches of diluted color on a darker base color. Merle Poodles are associated with health issues such as deafness or blindness due to a lack of pigment in their ears or eyes.
  • White: This color is associated with a higher risk of deafness or blindness in any dog due to a lack of pigment in their ears or eyes. White Poodles may also have skin problems such as sunburn or skin cancer due to their sensitivity to UV rays.

Merle Poodles are not recognized by any major kennel club; they are considered crossbreeds with other merle breeds, such as Australian Shepherds or Collies.

Poodle coat colors are one of the many features that make this breed unique and attractive. Whether you prefer a solid or multi-colored Poodle, you can be sure that you will find one that suits your taste and personality.

young poodle walking along a path tall grass on either side
Pixabay

Interesting Facts About Poodles

We already know Poodles are elegant and intelligent dogs, but there is so much more that makes them even more intriguing.

  • Poodles are one of the oldest dog breeds in the world. They have even been depicted in ancient Egyptian and Roman artifacts dating back to the first century B.C.
  • Poodles are France’s national dog, but they originated in Germany. The breed name comes from the German word “pudel” or “pudelin”, which means “to splash in the water.”
  • Poodles come in three size varieties: standard, miniature, and toy. All of them follow the same breed standard and have the same characteristics.
  • Poodles are the second smartest dog breed, ranking only behind the Border Collie in canine intelligence tests. This lends an answer to why they are easy to train and can learn a wide range of commands and tricks.
  • Poodles are excellent swimmers and were used as water retrievers for ducks and other birds. They have a “soft mouth,” which means they can gently pick up wounded or dead fowls without damaging them.
  • Poodles are hypoallergenic and shed very little. They are suitable for people who suffer from allergies or asthma.
  • Poodles have been popular as circus performers thanks to their intelligence, agility, and trainability. They can perform various stunts, such as walking on two legs, jumping through hoops, and riding horses.
  • Poodles have also been used as service dogs, therapy dogs, guide dogs, military dogs, and drug detection dogs.
  • Poodles are loyal, affectionate, and playful with their owners. They enjoy being part of the family and participating in various activities.

Poodles are amazing dogs that have a lot to offer to their owners. They are elegant, intelligent, and versatile; they have a rich history and a variety of characteristics; they have some advantages and some challenges; they have some preferences but also some adaptability.

If you are looking for a dog that can be your best friend, your partner in crime (don’t actually commit crimes with your poodle), your entertainer, your protector, your teacher, and your A+ student, a dog that can make you laugh, make you proud, make you happy; a dog that can love you unconditionally; then look no further than the Poodle.

Poodle dressed in a pin stripe suit holding a bunch of money
Poodle Partner-in-crime

Common Health Issues Affecting Poodles

Poodles are generally healthy dogs that can live up to 15 years or more. However, they are prone to some health conditions that owners should be aware of. Some of these include:

  • Hip dysplasia: This is a genetic condition where the hip joint is malformed or loose, causing pain, lameness, arthritis, or even paralysis. It can be diagnosed by X-rays and treated by surgery or medication.
  • Patellar luxation: This is a condition where the kneecap slips out of place, causing pain or limping. It can be caused by trauma or congenital defects. It can be diagnosed by physical examination and treated by surgery or medication.
  • Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV): This is a life-threatening condition where the stomach twists or bloats due to gas accumulation or food ingestion, causing shock or death. It can be prevented by feeding small meals several times a day instead of one large meal; avoiding exercise right after eating; avoiding stress; and seeking immediate veterinary attention if signs such as restlessness, drooling, abdominal distension, or retching occur.
  • Sebaceous adenitis: This is a skin disease where the sebaceous glands become inflamed or destroyed, causing hair loss, dryness, scaling, or infection. It can be diagnosed by skin biopsy and treated with medication, shampooing, or dietary supplements.
  • Idiopathic epilepsy: This is a neurological disorder where the dog suffers from seizures of unknown cause. It can be diagnosed by electroencephalogram (EEG) and treated by medication or alternative therapies.
  • Von Willebrand’s disease: This is a blood disorder where the dog has a deficiency or defect in a clotting factor, causing excessive bleeding or bruising. It can be diagnosed by blood tests and treated by blood transfusions or medication.

Owners should consult with their veterinarian if they notice any signs of these or other health problems in their Poodle.

Diet and Nutrition for the Poodle

Poodles are active and intelligent dogs that need a balanced and appropriate diet for their life stage and energy needs.

Protein is the most important nutrient for a Poodle, as it helps build and maintain their bones, muscles, organs, skin, coat, and immune system. The AKC recommends that Poodles get at least 22% protein during growth phases and at least 18% as adults.

The best way to feed a Poodle is to follow the feeding guidelines on the dog food label or consult with a veterinarian to determine the optimal amount and frequency of feeding. The amount of food may vary depending on the Poodle’s size, age, activity level, and health condition. Generally speaking,

  • Standard Poodles may need 1.5 to 3 cups of food per day
  • Miniature Poodles may need 0.75 to 1.5 cups of food per day
  • Toy Poodles may need 0.25 to 0.75 cups of food per day

Divide the daily amount into two or three meals per day to prevent overeating or bloat (a life-threatening condition where the stomach twists or expands due to gas accumulation). Food should also be appropriate for the Poodle’s life stage (puppy, adult, or senior) and nutritional needs.

The best type of food for a Poodle is a high-quality commercial dog food that meets AAFCO standards and contains natural ingredients with no artificial colors, flavors, preservatives, or fillers. Some Poodles may benefit from a raw or home-cooked diet if prepared properly and balanced nutritionally. However, these diets may pose some risks, such as bacterial contamination or nutritional deficiencies, if not done correctly.

Diet and nutrition are crucial for a Poodle’s health and well-being. By feeding a balanced and appropriate diet for your Poodle’s size, age, activity level, and health condition, you can help your dog live a long, happy, and healthy life.

The Ideal Human for a Poodle

White Poodle with fluffy coat sitting for the camera on a dirt path
Pexels

Poodles are ideal dogs for people who are looking for a loyal, intelligent, and elegant companion. They are suitable for families with children, as they are gentle, playful, and tolerant with them. They are also good with other pets, as they are friendly, social, and adaptable. However, they may not get along with dominant or aggressive dogs.

Poodles need owners who can provide them with adequate exercise, mental stimulation, and grooming. They also need owners who can give them attention, affection, and leadership. They do not do well with neglect, loneliness, or harsh treatment.

Poodles are best suited for indoor living, as they are sensitive to heat and cold. They can adapt to any type of home as long as they have enough space to move around and play. They can also live in apartments as long as they get enough exercise outside.

Where to Buy a Poodle

If you are interested in buying a Poodle, you should be prepared to spend some money and do some research. Poodles are not cheap dogs; they have high grooming and healthcare costs. The average price of a Poodle puppy ranges from $1,000 to $3,000, depending on the dog’s size, color, and quality. However, the price can go much higher for show-quality or rare-colored Poodles.

Poodles are not very rare dogs, as they are one of the most popular breeds in the world. However, some colors and sizes are more uncommon than others. For example, red, silver, and parti colored Poodles are harder to find than black, white, or apricot ones. Similarly, toy Poodles are more scarce than standard or miniature ones.

The best place to find a Poodle is from a reputable breeder who is registered with the American Kennel Club (AKC) or the national breed club of your country. You should avoid buying a Poodle from a pet store, a puppy mill, or an online seller who does not provide any information about the dog’s health, history, or pedigree.

A good breeder will provide you with a health certificate, vaccination record, and dog pedigree. They will also let you see the dog’s parents and littermates and answer any questions you have about the breed. They will also ask you questions to ensure you are a suitable owner for their dog.

You can find a list of reputable breeders on the AKC website or your country’s national breed club. You can also ask for referrals from other Poodle owners, veterinarians, groomers, or trainers. You should visit several breeders before making your decision and compare their dogs and their facilities. Don’t be surprised if you have to wait for a while before getting your puppy, as good breeders do not breed their dogs very often.

Buying a Poodle is a big commitment that requires time, money, and love. However, if you do your homework and find a good breeder, you will be rewarded with a wonderful dog that will enrich your life for many years.

Common Mixed Breeds of the Poodle

Almost everyone has heard of a “Doodle” before, and with good reason. Poodles are one of the most popular breeds to cross with other purebred dogs, creating various types of Poodle mixes or “Doodles.” These hybrid dogs are bred to combine the best traits of two different breeds, such as appearance, temperament, intelligence, health, and hypoallergenic qualities.

The most common and popular Poodle mixes are:

  • Labradoodle: A cross between a Labrador Retriever and a Poodle, this mix is friendly, loyal, energetic, and smart. They are great family dogs that love to play and swim.
Black labradoodle laying in a pile of leaves
Pixabay: Black Labradoodle
  • Bernedoodle: A cross between a Bernese Mountain Dog and a Poodle, this mix is loyal, goofy, cuddly, and smart. They are devoted to their owners and get along well with other pets and children. They have a thick coat that can be curly or wavy and usually comes in black, white, and brown.
  • Maltipoo: A cross between a Maltese and a Toy or Miniature Poodle, this mix is adorable, sweet, lively, and intelligent. They are perfect lap dogs that love to be pampered and spoiled. They have a soft coat that can be curly or straight and usually comes in white or cream.
  • Goldendoodle: A cross between a Golden Retriever and a Poodle, this mix is affectionate, gentle, playful, and intelligent. They are ideal companions for people of all ages and lifestyles.
Goldendoodle laying on a path with a bow in its hair
Pixabay: Goldendoodle
  • Cockapoo: A cross between a Cocker Spaniel and a Toy or Miniature Poodle, this mix is cheerful, sociable, active, and smart. They are wonderful family dogs that enjoy being around people and other animals. They have a silky coat that can be curly or wavy and comes in various colors.

Other common Poodle mixes include:

  • Aussiedoodle: A cross between an Australian Shepherd and a Poodle.
  • Bassetoodle: A cross between a Basset Hound and a Poodle.
  • Bordoodle: A cross between a Border Collie and a Poodle.
  • Boxerdoodle: A cross between a Boxer and a Poodle.
  • Cavapoo: A cross between a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and a Poodle.
  • Chipoo: A cross between a Chihuahua and a Poodle.
  • Corgipoo: A cross between a Welsh Corgi and a Poodle.
  • Dalmadoodle: A cross between a Dalmatian and a Poodle.
  • Doxiepoo: A cross between a Dachshund and a Poodle.
  • Irish Doodle: A cross between an Irish Setter and a Poodle.
  • Newfypoo: A cross between a Newfoundland and a Poodle.
  • Peekapoo: A cross between a Pekingese and a Poodle.
  • Pomapoo: A cross between a Pomeranian and a Poodle.
  • Schnoodle: A cross between a Schnauzer and a Poodle.
  • Sheepadoodle: A cross between an Old English Sheepdog and a Poodle.
  • Shihpoo: A cross between a Shih Tzu and a Poodle.
  • Westiepoo: A cross between a West Highland White Terrier and a Poodle.
  • Whoodle: A cross between a Wheaten Terrier and a Poodle.
  • Yorkipoo: A cross between a Yorkshire Terrier and a Poodle.

Poodle mixes are diverse and unique dogs that can suit different preferences and needs. They are generally healthy, happy, and loving dogs that can make great companions for anyone looking for some poodle charm in their lives.

Conclusion

If you are looking for a dog that can be your best friend, your partner in crime, your entertainer, your protector, your teacher, and your student; a dog that can make you laugh, make you proud, make you happy; a dog that can love you unconditionally; then look no further than the Poodle. Poodles are beautiful and smart and have a fascinating history that spans centuries and continents. They have adapted to different roles and environments, from hunting ducks in Germany to strutting on the French courts. They have also given rise to many wonderful Poodle mixes that inherit their charm and personality. Poodles are truly remarkable dogs that will bring joy and excitement to your life.

More Dog Breeds

If you’re interested in learning about similar dog breeds, check out:

Or browse our dog breed articles!

FAQ

Do Poodles shed?

Poodles have hair, not fur, which means they do not shed much. However, their hair still grows and needs regular grooming to prevent matting and tangling. Poodles also lose some hair when they are brushed or bathed.

Are Poodles hypoallergenic?

Poodles are considered hypoallergenic dogs because they produce less dander and saliva than other breeds. However, no dog is completely allergen-free; some people may still be allergic to Poodles or their hair. It is best to consult with an allergist before getting a Poodle if you have allergies or asthma.

How long do Poodles live?

Poodles have a long lifespan compared to other dogs. The average life expectancy of a Poodle is 12 to 15 years, but some can live up to 18 years or more. The lifespan of a Poodle depends on various factors, such as size, health, diet, exercise, and genetics.

Are Poodles aggressive?

Poodles are generally friendly and gentle dogs that get along well with people and other animals. However, some Poodles may show signs of aggression if they are not socialized properly, trained well, or treated with respect. Poodles may also become protective of their owners or territory if they feel threatened or challenged.

What were Poodles bred for?

Poodles were originally bred as water retrievers for hunting ducks and other birds in Germany. They were later brought to France and became popular among the nobility and royalty. They were also used for various purposes, such as circus performers, military, guides, and therapy dogs.

Shane Elliot Author Image
Shane Elliot

Shane Elliot is a pet lover and a coral enthusiast. He has been keeping saltwater aquariums for over ten years and enjoys sharing his knowledge and expertise with other hobbyists. He writes about coral care, fish compatibility, aquarium equipment, and more. He also covers topics related to other animals, such as dogs, cats, horses, and reptiles. Shane works as a freelance writer and editor when his menagerie of pets allows it.

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